Direction finding (DF) refers to the establishment of the direction from which a received signal was transmitted. This can refer to radio or other forms of wireless communication. By combining the direction information from two or more suitably spaced receivers, the source of a transmission may be located in space via triangulation. This is called a cross-cut or fix.
For the purpose of direction finding, a large so-called "Iron Horse" worldwide network of FLR-9 antennas was built during the early Cold War.
Some academic research has centered on the use of software-defined radios to perform the DF operations using receivers with one or more separate channels in conjunction with multiple antenna arrays.
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